Click to join Solar. DIYDownload Solar Presentation given at the 2. TAPR/AMSAT dinner at Dayton. See additional sections below. But wait, there is more! ![]() Consumer products heavyweight Unilever said Thursday it's seeking to unload is spreads business that has suffered from soft sales in the United States and. Toyota sold 2,728 in January and February, and. Wow, almost the same output. East- West array.. OK, why not try the NORTH facing roof as shown on the right. ![]() See the diagram below. NET METERING: Of course, all the benefits of grid- tie solar depends on having NET METERING in. Regarding prohibitive covenants, HOA's in Virginia in existance before. July 2. 00. 8 may maintain their prohibition against solar panels. True, but that applies to everything we do. Wagner coal- fired generator plant just 4 miles down the creek. ![]() Don't be fooled by the winter image above. Adding solar panels. Prius not only provides free energy to offset the cost of gas a few percent, but also to. Plus it reduces. dependency on foreign oil! One of the first issues with distributing 2. VDC. power is finding a safe connector that is innexpensive and readily available yet. This connector must. VDC device. The connector. PREVENTION devices. This. blocks the use of any 3 wire 1. VAC power cord. In addition, a 3/1. To make a mating two. On the right, this center pin. These connectors cost under $2 each for both the plug and the receptical. In the photo to the right, the original. ![]() ![]() The current carrying capacity of #1. I limit mine by fuses. Amps. Again, the outlets are blocked from. Only switching power supplies or other loads that can operate. VDC are provided with these matching plugs. The time is now to go solar! Wires. 14 Mins Ago. Ford has raised the price of its affordable Escape for 2. SUV new styling touches, safety features and engine options that should keep it popular with consumers. The starting manufacturer's suggested retail price for a base, two- wheel- drive 2. Escape S is $2. 4,6. Energy- efficient driving - Wikipedia. Energy- efficient driving techniques are used by drivers who wish to reduce their fuel consumption. Terms for driving techniques to maximize fuel efficiency include hypermiling. The loss for a car is approximately 1. Pa) drop in pressure of all four tires. ![]() Removing common unnecessary accessories such as roof racks, brush guards, wind deflectors (or . On a typical vehicle, every extra 1. The optimum speed varies with the type of vehicle, although it is usually reported to be between 3. The car will automatically switch between either battery powered mode or engine power with battery recharge. Electric cars such as the Tesla Model S may go up to 7. Studies have shown speeds just above 4. Communities can improve fuel efficiency by adopting speed limits. Congestion pricing is based on this principle; it raises the price of road access at times of higher usage, to prevent cars from entering traffic and lowering speeds below efficient levels. Research has shown that mandated speed limits can be modified to improve energy efficiency anywhere from 2% to 1. For driving at a steady speed one cannot choose any operating point for the engine. Welcome to Babylon Floral Design, Denver's most unique flower boutique, specializing in cutting edge floral design and unique gift items. We strive to provide the.![]() Energy-efficient driving techniques are used by drivers who wish to reduce their fuel consumption. Terms for driving techniques to maximize fuel efficiency include. Local Swap Shop world's largest online tricities classifieds - Online Classifieds. The plug-in Toyota Prius Prime has arrived in the US, and with a cost effectively less than the standard Prius hybrid, the Prime is a sure sales winner. AXS.com brings you inside access to tickets, artist news, and exclusive stories on concerts, tours, sports teams, family events, arts, theater, and festivals. The rest of this page has not yet been edited out and is just some old stuff on other pages. A manual transmission lets the driver choose between several points along the powerband. For a turbo diesel too low a gear will move the engine into a high- rpm, low- torque region in which the efficiency drops off rapidly, and thus best efficiency is achieved near the higher gear. This explains the usefulness of very high . For instance, a small car might need only 1. It is likely to be geared for 2. Acceleration and deceleration (braking). Fuel efficiency during acceleration generally improves as RPM increases until a point somewhere near peak torque (brake specific fuel consumption. However, accelerating to a greater than necessary speed without paying attention to what is ahead may require braking and then after that, additional acceleration. Experts recommend accelerating quickly, but smoothly. So a fuel- efficient strategy is to anticipate what is happening ahead, and drive in such a way so as to minimize acceleration and braking, and maximize coasting time. The need to brake is sometimes caused by unpredictable events. At higher speeds, there is less time to allow vehicles to slow down by coasting. Kinetic energy is higher, so more energy is lost in braking. At medium speeds, the driver has more time to choose whether to accelerate, coast or decelerate in order to maximize overall fuel efficiency. While approaching a red signal, drivers may choose to . By allowing their vehicle to slow down early and coast, they will give time for the light to turn green before they arrive, preventing energy loss from having to stop. When possible, avoid driving during rush hours as the stop and go driving is fuel inefficient and produces more toxic fumes. Regenerative braking, used by hybrid/electric vehicles, recovers some of the kinetic energy, but some energy is lost in the conversion, and the braking power is limited by the battery's maximum charge rate and efficiency. Coasting or gliding. Coasting dissipates stored energy (kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy) against aerodynamic drag and rolling resistance which must always be overcome by the vehicle during travel. If coasting uphill, stored energy is also expended by grade resistance, but this energy is not dissipated since it becomes stored as gravitational potential energy which might be used later on. Using stored energy (via coasting) for these purposes is more efficient than dissipating it in friction braking. When coasting with the engine running and manual transmission in neutral, or clutch depressed, there will still be some fuel consumption due to the engine needing to maintain idle engine speed. Coasting with a vehicle not in gear is prohibited by law in most U. S. An example is Maine Revised Statues Title 2. A, Chapter 1. 9, . Traffic lights are in most cases predictable, and it is often possible to anticipate when a light will turn green. Some traffic lights (in Europe and Asia) have timers on them, which assist the driver in using this tactic. Some hybrids must keep the engine running whenever the vehicle is in motion and the transmission engaged, although they still have an auto- stop feature which engages when the vehicle stops, avoiding waste. Maximizing use of auto- stop on these vehicles is critical because idling causes a severe drop in instantaneous fuel- mileage efficiency to zero miles per gallon, and this lowers the average (or accumulated) fuel- mileage efficiency. Anticipating traffic. For example, a driver who stops quickly, or turns without signaling, reduces the options another driver has for maximizing their performance. By always giving road users as much information about their intentions as possible, a driver can help other road users reduce their fuel usage (as well as increase their safety). Similarly, anticipation of road features such as traffic lights can reduce the need for excessive braking and acceleration. Minimizing ancillary losses. Rolling down the windows is often seen as the leading way to prevent this loss of energy. This technique, however, causes increased drag in the form of air resistance and the cost savings is less than is generally anticipated. Either the choke in a carburetor- equipped car (1. If the engine is designed for high octane then higher octane fuel will result in higher efficiency and performance under certain load and mixture conditions. The energy released during combustion of hydrocarbon fuel increases as the molecule chain length decreases, so gasoline fuels with higher ratios of the shorter chain alkanes such as heptane, hexane, pentane, etc. Gasoline direct injection compression ignition engines make more efficient use of the higher combustion energy short chain hydrocarbons. In the Pn. G strategy, the control of the engine and the transmission determines the fuel- saving performance, and it is obtained by solving an optimal control problem (OCP). Due to a discrete gear ratio, strong nonlinear engine fuel characteristics, and different dynamics in the pulse/glide mode, the OCP is a switching nonlinear mixed- integer problem. However based on simulation, more gains in economy are obtained in non- hybrid vehicles. Using such a map, one can find the efficiency of the engine at various combinations of rpm, torque, etc. This efficiently- obtained kinetic energy is then used in the glide phase to overcome rolling resistance and aerodynamic drag. In other words, going between periods of very efficient acceleration and gliding gives an overall efficiency that is usually significantly higher than just cruising at a constant speed. Computer calculations have predicted that in rare cases (at low speeds where the torque required for cruising at steady speed is low) it's possible to double (or even triple) fuel economy. Such a failure is due to signals, stop signs, and considerations for other traffic; all of these factors interfering with the pulse and glide technique. But improvements in fuel economy of 2. Aside from being illegal in many jurisdictions it is often dangerous. Scale- model wind tunnel and Real- World tests of a car ten feet behind a semi- truck showed a reduction of over 9. The gain in efficiency is reported to be 2. The next biggest loss is from idling, or when the engine is in standby, which explains the large gains available from shutting off the engine. In this respect, the data for fuel energy wasted in braking, rolling resistance, and aerodynamic drag are all somewhat misleading, because they do not reflect all the energy that was wasted up to that point in the process of delivering energy to the wheels. The image reports that on non- highway (urban) driving, 6% of the fuel's energy is dissipated in braking; however, by dividing this figure by the energy that actually reaches the axle (1. Also, additional energy can potentially be recovered when going down hills, which may not be reflected in these figures. The speed differential between cars raises the risk of collision. Shifting gears and/or restarting the engine increase the time required for an avoidance maneuver that requires acceleration. Therefore, some believe the reduction of control associated with coasting is an unacceptable risk. See also. July 2. PDF^http: //www. merriam- webster. Merriam Webster dictionary^. The Washington Post Company. The term was coined by Wayne Gerdes. He's the man who coined the term . Archived from the original on 2. In English. Video on You. Tube^. Int; Beckx, C.; Broekx, S.; de Vlieger, I.; Schrooten, L.; Degraeuwe, B.; Pelkmans, L. Retrieved March 2. European Environment Agency (EEA). Archived from the original on March 2. Retrieved March 2. David Suzuki's Green Guide. ISBN 9. 78- 1- 5. Vehicle Inertia Impact on Fuel Consumption of. Conventional and Hybrid Electric Vehicles Using Acceleration and Coast Driving Strategy. Virginia Polytechnic Institute, September 4, 2. S. Strategies to minimize the fuel consumption of passenger cars during car- following scenarios. Journal of Automobile Engineering, vol. Issue 3, pp. 4. 19- 4. S. Mechanism of vehicular periodic operation for optimal fuel economy in free- driving scenarios. IET Intelligent Transport Systems, vol. Issue 3, pp. 3. 06- 3. S. Fuel- Optimal Cruising Strategy for Road Vehicles With Step- Gear Mechanical Transmission. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. S. Fuel- Saving Servo- Loop Control for an Adaptive Cruise Control System of Road Vehicles With Step- Gear Transmission. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. Issue 3, pp. 2. 03. S. Fuel- Saving Cruising Strategies for Parallel HEVs. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. Issue 6, pp. 4. 67. S. Stabilizing Periodic Control of Automated Vehicle Platoon With Minimized Fuel Consumption. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, vol. Issue 1, pp. 2. 59- 2. Jansen p. 1. 8)^http: //autospeed. A. This Guy Can Get 5. MPG in a Plain Old Accord.
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